Nail diseases include a range of conditions characterized by changes in the structure and appearance of the nails. These diseases can cause pain and discomfort as well as aesthetic concerns, and in some cases can be a symptom of more serious underlying health problems. Causes of nail diseases include infections, injuries, skin diseases, systemic diseases, and nutritional deficiencies. This section will provide information on common nail diseases and their treatment methods.
Common Nail Diseases and Treatment Methods
Nail Fungus (Onychomycosis):
What is it? Nail fungus is a fungal infection of the nails and nail bed. Nails become thick, discolored and brittle.
Treatment Methods: Topical antifungal creams, oral antifungal medications, and in some cases, laser therapy. Treatment varies depending on the severity and type of infection.
Nail Psoriasis:
What is it? Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease that can also be seen on the nails. There may be pitting, thickening and discoloration of the nails.
Treatment Methods: Topical corticosteroids, vitamin D analogs, light therapy and systemic treatments. In severe cases, biological agents may be used.
Paronychia (Ingrown Nail):
What is it? It is a condition where the edge of the nail digs into the flesh and an infection develops in this area. It is characterized by pain, redness and swelling.
Treatment Methods: Hot water baths, antibiotics and in some cases, surgical intervention. In advanced cases, a part of the nail may need to be removed.
Nail Trauma:
What is it? Damage to the nail caused by physical injury. Bruising, breaking and lifting of the nail may occur.
Treatment Methods: Protecting the nail, keeping the injury site clean, and taking painkillers to relieve pain if necessary.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can nail fungus be treated at home?
Mild cases of nail fungus can be treated at home, but medical treatment is recommended for more effective results. Home treatments include natural products with antifungal properties, such as tea tree oil.
Is nail psoriasis contagious?
No, nail psoriasis is not contagious. It is a condition in which genetic predisposition and the immune system play a role.
What causes ingrown toenails?
Ingrown toenails can occur due to factors such as incorrect nail cutting, wearing tight shoes, and abnormalities in the structure of the nail.
When should I see a doctor after a nail trauma?
If nail trauma causes severe pain, persistent bleeding, a large portion of the nail is removed, or signs of infection (redness, swelling, inflammation), seek immediate medical attention. These could be signs of a more serious problem with your nail health and may require professional treatment.
Nail disease can occur for many different reasons and can usually be managed with appropriate treatment. However, changes in your nails can sometimes be a sign of a more serious health problem. Therefore, if you notice persistent discomfort, discoloration, or growth abnormalities in your nails, it is important to see a dermatologist for an evaluation and appropriate treatment recommendations. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical to effectively managing nail disease and can help prevent long-term complications.
