The most basic step in creating a proper care routine for skin health is to know your skin type correctly. Because the products you use or the methods you apply without knowing your skin's needs can unfortunately cause more harm than good. So, let's discover the answers to questions such as "What is your skin type?", "How is it determined?" and "What skin type do you have?" together.
What is Skin Type?
Skin type is classified according to factors such as skin moisture production (sebum), sensitivity, pore structure and general appearance. Genetics play an important role in determining skin type, but external factors such as age, environmental factors, hormones and lifestyle can also lead to changes in skin type.
In dermatology, skin types are generally divided into five: normal skin, dry skin, oily skin, combination skin and sensitive skin. Each has different needs and requires appropriate care.
What are the Skin Types?
Normal Skin:
It is balanced. Neither too oily nor too dry. Pores are small, skin texture is smooth and generally not sensitive. Occasional acne, flaking or redness.
Dry Skin:
Sebum production is low. The skin feels tight, can flake, and can itch and crack. This becomes more apparent, especially in the winter months. Fine lines can form earlier because skin that is dehydrated loses its elasticity.
Oily Skin:
Sebum production is high. The skin appears shiny, pores are large and the T-zone (forehead, nose, chin) in particular can be very oily. It is prone to acne and blackheads.
Combination Skin:
Some areas of the skin are oily, some are dry or normal. Usually the T-zone is oily while the cheeks are dry. This skin type requires a little more care because different areas may need different products.
Sensitive Skin:
It is easily irritated, prone to reactions such as redness, burning, itching. It is sensitive to allergens and environmental factors. The skin barrier is generally weak.
How to Determine Skin Type?
There are several practical methods to understand your skin type. One of the simplest tests you can do at home is the clean skin observation method.
Skin Type Test at Home:
- Wash your skin with a gentle cleanser.
- Wait 1 hour without applying any product.
- Observe your skin by looking in the mirror in a bright place:
If your skin is stretched and flaky → dry skin.
If your entire face is shiny and feels oily → oily skin.
If the T-zone is oily and the cheeks are normal or dry → combination skin.
If it is balanced, without tension or shine → normal skin.
If there is redness, itching, burning → sensitive skin.
It may also be helpful to test with a tissue or oil-absorbing paper. You can check the amount of oil by pressing the paper to different parts of your face.
When is Professional Support Required?
Skin type can change over time. Factors such as puberty, pregnancy, menopause, medications or stress can trigger this change. If you have recurring skin problems, sudden reactions or don't know which products to use, consulting a dermatologist is the right step. A much clearer picture can be presented with professional skin analysis.
Knowing your skin type is very important for both protecting your skin health and getting the most out of cosmetic products. Remember, your skin has a voice and you can hear that voice with the right care. Every skin is special, just understand it correctly and act according to its needs.
It is important to consult a dermatologist to learn your skin type and determine the most appropriate care routine for your skin. A professional skin analysis can reveal not only your skin type, but also the invisible details about your skin health. The first step to healthy skin is to know it correctly!
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