Vitiligo is a condition in which white spots form on the skin due to loss of pigment. It occurs as a result of the destruction of melanocytes (pigment-producing cells). In children, vitiligo usually occurs on the face, hands, elbows and knees. Although the exact cause is unknown, it is thought to be an autoimmune process.
Treatment focuses on restoring pigmentation or reducing the appearance of lesions. Topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and light therapy (phototherapy) are commonly used. Psychosocial support also plays an important role in managing the aesthetic and emotional effects of vitiligo. Treatment for vitiligo in children can be long-term and may require regular dermatologist visits.
